Includes bibliographical references (p. [119]-121).

"How do learners learn to speak a foreign language? What different approaches have been developed to teach this important skill? Speaking deals with both these questions, providing clear explanations of recent research and developments in methodology. In the final section the author suggests practical ways in which teachers can gain a better understanding of the role of oral classroom activities." (Publisher's Website)

CONTENTS:
The author and series editors
Introduction

Section One: Understanding speaking

1 Speaking as a skill
1.1 Knowledge and skill
1.2 Oral skills and interaction

2 Differences between speech and writing
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Processing conditions of speech and writing
2.3 Reciprocity conditions of speech and writing

3 Production skills
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Facilitation
3.3 Compensation
3.4 Conclusion

4 Interaction skills
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Routines
4.3 Negotiation skills
4.4 Negotiation of meaning
4.5 Management of interaction
4.6 Conclusion

5 Learner strategies of communication
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Achievement strategies
5.3 Reduction strategies

6 A checklist of skills

Section Two: The methodology of oral interaction

7 Introduction

8 Oral skills: methodological objectives
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Rivers and Temperley's view
8.3 Littlewood's view
8.4 Interaction criteria
8.5 Conclusion

9 Interaction activities
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Interaction activities: Littlewood
9.3 Interaction activities: Harmer
9.4 Interaction activities: Rivers and Temperley
9.5 Interaction activities: Ur

11 Students' production in interaction activities

10 Activities for oral practice
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Information-gap activities
10.3 Communication games
10.4 Simulations
10.5 Project-based interaction activities

12 Interaction skills in oral language methodology
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Accuracy and interaction in the curriculum
12.3 Integrating accuracy and interaction skills
12.4 Classroom organization and oral skills

Section Three: Exploring oral interaction in the classroom

13 Planning a project
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Collecting data

14 Exploring aspects of oral methodology
14.1 Exploring oral language
14.2 Exploring oral interaction activities
14.3 Exploring oral interaction and learners' level
14.4 Exploring learners' perceptions of activities
14.5 Exploring learners' oral language needs

Glossary

Further reading

Bibliography

Index